合 Oracle控制文件在缺失归档日志的情况下的恢复

2022年11月8日

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Tags： Oracle

👉 本文共约7512个字，系统预计阅读时间或需29分钟。

众所周知，恢复控制文件时“recover database”命令可能需要使用归档日志。所谓缺失归档日志，是指控制文件从备份还原之后，在执行“recover database”命令恢复时报告找不到相应的日志导致恢复终止的情况。

这种情况下的恢复操作主要步骤如下：

①　首先还原控制文件，方式不限

②　执行“recover database”命令将报RMAN-06054错误，即找不到某归档日志

③　查看相关的动态性能视图，对问题定位，确认问题与控制文件，而不是数据文件相关（与数据文件相关必须进行不完全恢复）

④　利用create controlfile 命令重建控制文件

⑤　再次执行“recover database”命令，还会报RMAN-06054错误，这次是找不到另一个归档日志，其序列号应该大于第二步中的

⑥　查看v$log视图确定第5步中所要的是哪个日志

⑦　执行SQLPLUS的”recover database using backup controlfile“命令，等”Specify log：“提示符出现后给出正确的在线日志路径，直到命令成功结束。

⑧　以resetlogs方式打开数据库

⑨　由于创建的控制文件内不会有临时数据文件的信息，需要重新将其添加回临时表空间

⑩　将控制文件内其他丢失的信息用catalog和configure等命令再添加回去。

当前current**日志序列号为：5**，此时进行控制文件备份

SQL> archive log list;

Database log mode Archive Mode

Automatic archival Enabled

Archive destination /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/arch

Oldest online log sequence 3

Next log sequence to archive 5

Current log sequence 5

SQL>

RMAN> backup current controlfile;

Starting backup at 2015-02-04 16:28:13

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

including current control file in backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2015-02-04 16:28:14

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2015-02-04 16:28:15

piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/1vpuel4t_1_1 tag=TAG20150204T162813 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 2015-02-04 16:28:15

RMAN>

多次切换日志后，现在的CURRENT**日志是20号，所有控制文件丢失并且第15号归档日志丢失，数据库启动后停留在了nomount状态：**

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

。。。。。。。。

System altered.

SQL> archive log list;

Database log mode Archive Mode

Automatic archival Enabled

Archive destination /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/arch

Oldest online log sequence 18

Next log sequence to archive 20

Current log sequence 20

SQL>

RMAN> delete archivelog sequence 15;

released channel: ORA_DISK_1

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=257 device type=DISK

List of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name LILOVE

=====================================================================

Key Thrd Seq S Low Time

44 1 15 X 2015-02-04 16:29:58

Name: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/arch1_15_870711361.dbf

Do you really want to delete the above objects (enter YES or NO)? yes

deleted archived log

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/arch1_15_870711361.dbf RECID=44 STAMP=870798598

Deleted 1 objects

RMAN>

[root@rhel6_lhr ~]# ll /u01/app/oracle/oradata/utf8test/*

-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 10076160 Feb 4 16:40 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/utf8test/control01.ctl

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 10076160 Feb 4 16:40 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/utf8test/control02.ctl

-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 52429312 Feb 4 16:30 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/utf8test/redo01.log

-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 52429312 Feb 4 16:40 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/utf8test/redo02.log

-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 52429312 Feb 4 16:30 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/utf8test/redo03.log

-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 608182272 Feb 4 16:39 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/utf8test/sysaux01.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 775954432 Feb 4 16:39 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/utf8test/system01.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 10493952 Feb 3 16:15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/utf8test/tbs_read01.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 20979712 Feb 4 11:15 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/utf8test/temp01.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 52436992 Feb 4 16:39 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/utf8test/undotbs01.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 10493952 Feb 4 16:30 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/utf8test/users01.dbf

[root@rhel6_lhr ~]# rm -rf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/utf8test/control0*